Macular Degeneration
Macular Degeneration Radio Interview with Dr. Saggau
Jan Mickelson Show on WHO-AM
Listen to the interview below.
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What is Macular Degeneration?
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive eye condition affecting as many as 10 million Americans. The disease attacks the macula, the central area of the retina where our sharpest central vision occurs. Individuals can lose all but the outermost peripheral vision, leaving dim images or black holes at the center of vision. AMD destroys the central vision necessary for reading, driving, identifying faces and watching television. AMD is the #1 cause of vision loss and legal blindness in adults over 60 in the U.S.
Two Types of Macular Degeneration
Macular degeneration is diagnosed as either dry or wet. The dry form is more common than the wet, with about 90% of AMD patients diagnosed with dry AMD and 10% with wet AMD. However, 90% of severe vision loss comes from the wet form and only 10% from the dry form.
- “Dry” Type
Dry AMD, which accounts for 90% of cases, results from the aging of the retina. Dry macular degeneration is diagnosed when yellowish spots known as drusen accumulate in the macula. Gradual central vision loss may occur with dry macular degeneration but usually is not as severe as the wet form.
- “Wet” Type
Wet AMD, which accounts for 10% of cases, results from the abnormal growth of new blood vessels which grow beneath the retina and leak blood and fluid. This leakage causes scarring and permanent damage to light-sensitive retinal cells, which creates blind or blurry spots in the central vision.
Macular Degeneration Treatment
There is as yet no cure for AMD, but some treatments can delay the progression or even improve vision. Treatments vary depending on whether the disease is the dry or wet form. Nutritional intervention is valuable in preventing the progression of AMD. The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) demonstrated that nutrition does benefit AMD. Zinc, beta-carotene and vitamins C and E reduce the risk of AMD. Together, they reduce the risk even more than being taken separately. Due to possible side effects, always consult a doctor to determine the appropriate supplements and dosages. For wet AMD, treatments aimed at stopping abnormal blood vessel growth include drugs injected into the eye and Photodynamic Therapy, also known as the “cold laser.”
Amsler Grid
The Amsler grid, used since 1945, is a grid of horizontal and vertical lines used to monitor a person’s central visual field. It is a diagnostic tool that aids in the detection of visual disturbances caused by changes in the retina, particularly the macula. Viewing the Amsler grid separately with each eye helps to monitor vision. The Amsler grid is a very sensitive test that can reveal clinical changes before other visual symptoms develop. With new and reliable treatments for wet AMD, the tool is important for the early detection of wet AMD. After being diagnosed with macular degeneration, you will have regular visits to your ophthalmologist. Your doctor may ask you to test your sight at home daily with an Amsler grid. The Amsler grid will help you identify if any changes in your vision are taking place. If you see black spots or wavy lines during your daily test, you should contact your ophthalmologist. Below is an example of wavy lines that may appear if macular degeneration has affected your vision.
Call 1-800-237-5393 or e-mail info@wolfeclinic.com to receive a free Amsler grid.